Female Athletes Sue the NCAA
Male athletes competing in women’s sports and accessing women’s locker rooms is a violation of Title IX and discrimination on the basis of sex.
Case status
Dismissed · Appeal planned
Where the case stands
In March 2024, Riley Gaines and 15 other current and former college athletes sued the NCAA, saying its policy of letting male athletes compete in women’s events and use women’s locker rooms violates Title IX. On September 28, 2026, a federal judge in Georgia dismissed Gaines v. NCAA, ruling that the NCAA is not subject to Title IX. The athletes have said they will appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, and ICONS will fund the appeal.
Timeline
- January 2023 ICONS sends a legal demand letter to the NCAA. Read the letter (PDF) Press release
- March 14, 2024 Sixteen current and former college athletes sue the NCAA and Georgia Tech in federal court in Georgia. ICONS funds the case. Read the complaint (PDF) Press release
- 2024 [exact date to confirm] The athletes file a second amended complaint. Read the complaint (PDF)
- July 7, 2025 The judge orders both sides to file briefs answering several questions. Read the order (PDF)
- July 28, 2025 The athletes file a supplemental brief, with a declaration from track athlete Caroline Hill. Read the brief (PDF) Read the declaration (PDF)
- July 30, 2025 The judge grants the request to remove a plaintiff’s pseudonym. Read the order (PDF)
- September 25, 2025 The judge denies the NCAA’s motion to dismiss. Read the order (PDF) Press release (PDF)
- September 28, 2026 The judge dismisses Gaines v. NCAA, ruling that the NCAA is not subject to Title IX. Read the order (PDF)
- September 29, 2026 Riley Gaines and ICONS announce they will appeal to the Eleventh Circuit. The athletes have 30 days to file a notice of appeal. Press release (PDF)
In the news · The Free Press
Female Athletes Sue NCAA Over Transgender Competitors in Sports
More than a dozen female athletes sued the NCAA for letting males compete against them and use women’s locker rooms.
At the center of the suit is Lia Thomas, the male Penn swimmer who won the 500-yard freestyle at the 2022 NCAA Swimming Championships. The athletes say the NCAA and Georgia Tech, which hosted the meet, knowingly violated Title IX, the law that guarantees women equal opportunity in college sports.
ICONS press release · March 14, 2024
LAS VEGAS — The Independent Council on Women’s Sports (ICONS) has announced exclusive funding support for a critical lawsuit against the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

Athlete legal fund
Back these women in court
ICONS is funding this lawsuit. Please contribute now to back these women in court. We need your support to win this legal battle!
Prefer to give by check?
Mail it to:
Independent Council on Women’s Sports
10624 S Eastern Ave Ste A-1052
Henderson, NV 89052
ICONS is a Section 501(c)(3) charitable organization, EIN 88-2093870. All donations are tax deductible to the full extent provided by the law.
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Tell the NCAA to protect women’s sports
Sign the petition to urge the NCAA to revise its policies, and get updates on the progress of this case.
Meet the Athletes
Learn more about the female plaintiffs in this case.

Riley Gaines
Swimming, University of Kentucky
- 12x All-American
- 5x SEC Champion
- SEC Record Holder
- Female Scholar Athlete of the Year

Reka Gyorgy
Swimming, Virginia Tech
- Olympian, Hungary
- ACC Champion
- All-American

Kylee Alons
Swimming, North Carolina State
- 2x NCAA Champion
- 31x All-American
- 5x ACC Champion
- Former American Record holder

Kaitlynn Wheeler
Swimming, University of Kentucky
- NCAA Runner Up
- All-American
- SEC Champion

Grace Countie
Swimming, University of North Carolina
- 11x All-American
- 2022 NCAA Championships

Track Athlete A
Caroline Hill
Track, Rochester Institute of Technology
- Team Captain
- School Record Breaker

Ainsley Erzen
Soccer, Track, University of Arkansas
- High School National Champion
- SEC Team Champion, Track & Field and Soccer
- 2024 NCAA Championships

Brooke Slusser
Volleyball, San José State University
- Team Captain
- Honorable Mention All-Mountain West

Ellie Eades
Tennis, University of Kentucky

Lily Mullens
Swimming, Roanoke College
- Team Captain

Kate Pearson
Swimming, Roanoke College
- Team Captain

Susanna Price
Swimming, Roanoke College

Carter Satterfield
Swimming, Roanoke College

Katie Blankinship
Swimming, Roanoke College

Julianna Morrow
Swimming, Roanoke College

Halle Schart
Swimming, Roanoke College

Ellis Fox
Swimmer, Texas A&M University

Nanea Merryman
Volleyball, Cedarville University

Swimmer A
NCAA Division I, Swimming
- 2022 NCAA Championships
Legal Team

ICONS attorney
William Bock, III, JD
Bill Bock is a litigator with experience in sports law, athlete eligibility disputes, sports drug testing and Title IX cases. Bill was the General Counsel of the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) during 2007–2020. Bill has represented clients in high-profile investigations, litigation, and arbitration throughout the United States. He has represented sports organizations, Fortune 500 companies, governmental agencies, and individuals.
Bill has decades of experience in international sports law matters, having conducted international sports doping investigations, been lead counsel in numerous cases before the international Court of Arbitration for Sport, advised international sports organizations and governing bodies, and served as an arbitrator in cases involving the eligibility of international athletes.
Latest coverage
OutKick
Riley Gaines speaks out on dismissal of her lawsuit vs NCAA, hopes to take case to SCOTUS
September 30, 2026
OutKick
Riley Gaines' lawsuit vs NCAA dismissed by Biden-appointed judge, appeal planned
September 29, 2026
The Daily Pennsylvanian
Judge dismisses lawsuit against NCAA over transgender athlete policy
September 29, 2026
OutKick
NCAA responds after Riley Gaines' lawsuit is dismissed, affirms compliance with Trump's executive order
September 29, 2026
Fox News
Riley Gaines v. NCAA lawsuit advances after federal judge partially denies motions to dismiss
September 25, 2025
Videos
"Having one male, even if they place last, displaces another girl from qualifying for the meet altogether."🔥
— Independent Women's Forum (@IWF) April 2, 2024
IWF Ambassador @PaulaYScanlan joins @NewsNation to discuss the NCAA lawsuit, how the NCAA continues to discriminate against female athletes, & more. Watch now: pic.twitter.com/4Uv3rCx7YL
"[The NCAA is] just unwilling to get their hands dirty and make the right call. And this is their opportunity really to do the right thing and start protecting women and women's sports."
— NEWSMAX (@NEWSMAX) March 15, 2024
— Kaitlynn Wheeler, former NCAA swimmer@WheelerKaitlynn @kyleealons @SharlaMcBride pic.twitter.com/U4aDe5Fear
🚨 Taking on the NCAA: former U of Kentucky swimmer @Riley_Gaines_ & former Virginia Tech swimmer @Gyorgy_Official dive into their landmark lawsuit against the NCAA and express their confidence in a successful judgement.https://t.co/5HCVFyxNTT pic.twitter.com/Q3cQJ0YHQv
— ICONS (@icons_women) March 14, 2024